361 papers
Cell biology is the study of life at its most fundamental unit: the cell. This field explores how these microscopic building blocks function, communicate, and replicate to sustain living organisms, from the simplest bacteria to complex human tissues. By understanding the machinery inside a cell, scientists unlock secrets about growth, disease, and the very nature of existence itself.
At Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv within this dynamic category. Our team processes each submission to provide both accessible plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp complex discoveries without getting lost in dense jargon. Below are the latest papers in cell biology, offering a fresh look at the inner workings of life as they are shared with the world.
This study utilizes structural analysis and functional assays to reveal that HIF-2α's subcellular localization is governed by specific domain interactions independent of canonical dimerization, while demonstrating that its oncogenic potential relies on non-canonical cytoplasmic mechanisms and protein interactions rather than its traditional transcriptional activation domains.
This study demonstrates that genetic depletion of septins in zebrafish unexpectedly enhances macrophage-mediated protection against mycobacterial infection by driving the overproduction of myeloid-biased haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, thereby establishing a critical role for septins in regulating haematopoiesis and offering new insights into blood disorders like acute myeloid leukaemia.
This study demonstrates that in cultured human myoblasts, intrinsic IL-6 expression acts as a negative feedback regulator that dampens extrinsic IL-6-induced JAK/STAT signaling while simultaneously functioning synergistically with it to promote glucose and oleic acid oxidation.
This study demonstrates that a lightweight, interpretable framework using rotation-invariant Local Ternary Pattern descriptors on endogenous autofluorescence intensity patterns can accurately and non-destructively distinguish human pancreatic - and -cells based on their distinct lipofuscin-rich granule organization, eliminating the need for destructive labeling or specialized imaging hardware.
This study identifies the lncRNA IGS38 as a positive regulator of human rRNA transcription that enhances promoter accessibility and stabilizes UBF by recruiting RNA Pol I factors and the B-WICH complex, while also noting the distinct heterochromatin-associated role of IGS32as.
This study reveals that the small brown planthopper enhances its reproduction and insecticide tolerance by manipulating rice carbohydrate allocation to increase host-derived glucose, which subsequently activates the TOR-JH signaling axis to boost vitellogenin production and upregulate glutathione S-transferase expression.
This study introduces a real-time fluorescent biosensor to quantify chromosomal uracil excision activity in living cells and reveals that the mitochondrial UNG1 isoform unexpectedly contributes to nuclear base excision repair, highlighting the need to consider both UNG isoforms in inhibitor development.
This study reveals that a paralog-specific sterol-binding pocket in iRhom1, identified through cryo-EM, is essential for stabilizing the iRhom1/ADAM17 complex and regulating its shedding activity, distinguishing its mechanism from iRhom2 and linking mutations in this region to cardiac disease.
This study demonstrates that nuclear pore complex components, specifically Nup133, Nup107, and Nup358, are essential for establishing the head-tail coupling apparatus in spermatids by recruiting dynein/dynactin to the nuclear envelope to facilitate the initial attachment of the nucleus and centriole.
This study utilizes phosphoproteomics to identify DYRK1B as a novel kinase regulator of processing body dynamics, demonstrating that it phosphorylates specific components like DCP1A and 4E-T to control the abundance and assembly of these mRNA granules.